Michael's asked us a really good question about handling copyright in online courses, from a few different points, actually. So, what sort of guidelines can we provide to make sure that people observe copyright as much as they can, and what if a teacher's creating online materials? Who owns that? Is it them or their institution? >> Good question. >> What about the IP, that kind of thing. Tag. >> [LAUGH] Okay well, to start off with, neither Simon nor myself are copyright experts. And particularly legal copyright experts, at all. And the way copyright, especially for educational purposes, works, is different in different jurisdictions, in different countries. So it's really important to become aware of what's required for educational purposes in your own country, or your own jurisdiction. Talk to librarians or copyright folks, where you live to make sure that you are adhering to it. Now having said that, there are some good practice principles that could be followed, especially for online courses. So one of them would be making sure you first look at what the license is around the particular resource you want to use, whether it be a video, an image, an open educational resource, or whatever type of resource it is. >> So, you are talking about things like Creative Commons license. >> Yeah, so- >> Something like that. Well, what if it doesn't say anything? >> Well, if it says Creative Commons license with the CC like we talk about in module seven, I believe. >> That is [CROSSTALK] >> Or it is six, sorry, we don't know. Then it will say whether you can remix it, whether you can adapt it, or whether you have to use it as it is but you can attribute it. >> Yeah. >> And then it'll have the attribution. So that one, if you put an image that's under a Creative Commons license in your online course, in your learning management system for example. Then good practice is that you will attribute the source and provide the link to where you got it from. Now sometimes there is nothing. >> No. >> There is no actual copyright. That's what you were asking a few seconds ago. >> Well, actually, just on the Creative Commons, we do have a case study in this MOOC about Creative Commons- >> Yes it's a great case study, yeah. >> Which explains all of that for you, so it's worth looking at. >> Mm-hm. >> But the old, I found it on the Internet, so I can use it, kind of idea, doesn't necessarily apply. I know in this country, Australia, even though it might not say copyright, it still is covered by copyright, so it always pays to attribute where you got something from. So if it's copying text from a web site, you can still cite web sites in different formats like APA, that kind of thing. >> If it's small, short. >> Yeah, don't copy it either. >> You can't copy the whole web site out. And, I mean, I my rule of thumb is if that, you are in doubt as to what the copyright status is, is to link to it instead. So even if it is a particular page on a web site that's really useful for your students, well, you can link out to that page, you can link out to that image or to that video. Rather than bring it in, so that's- >> Unless this is, we might have a debate about this, but I think embedding your video into a website, I believe I've been told by copyright experts, that still is considered linking, because it's still hosted at its original place. >> But if I downloaded an image and then re-uploaded it onto my website- >> Or download the video. >> I"m actually republishing it. >> Yeah. >> Which means I could be breaking copyright. So like you said, if in doubt, link. >> Mm-hm. >> And always check with your institutional librarian- >> Please do. >> Whenever you can. And like Negin said, we are not the experts. So, this is really to bring these ideas to your attention so that you can look into it in a little more detail. >> Now Michael also did ask about, what do you about your IP if you are creating an online course? How much of it do you own versus your institution? Again, those are great questions that you really should be asking your particular institution or your employer, for example. Sometimes if you're paid to design a course, the employer actually is the one that owns it, but sometimes that doesn't mean that they own everything about it. So it really, really depends, and you should really talk to your employer the first day. >> Yeah, and I know that our institution has a clause about that, about who owns IP of the materials produced. So, again, a little bit of research will really help you because sometimes the answers might be surprising. >> And different from institution to institution. >> To institution, yeah. So bottom line, you need to go and check with experts. Always link if you're in doubt. >> Yep. >> And always cite where you get something from so that at least you're actually saying that this is not your material and you're referencing where it comes from. >> Yeah. >> Yeah.